31 October, 2007

Undergraduate Project & Librarians as Specialists

I’m reading the Studying Students: The Undergraduate research project at the University of Rochester study and just came across an interesting quote:
I went to the professor because they are the specialist in the subject area; I don’t see librarians as specialists. They just know about general information. They are knowledgeable about search engines.

It’s an interesting perspective considering my own experiences this quarter. I was bemoaning earlier that I’m not a subject specialist and I can’t rattle off books or titles students should use off the top of my head. This quarter I actually did have an opportunity to help someone with a subject I was extremely familiar with and it was really nice to be able to say, you should look at this essay by this author, and make certain you consider this. In this particular case, this student had discovered so much information that they were looking for ways to narrow it down to a manageable amount for a quarter long research paper. They easily had found enough to write a dissertation!

Now, the thing this student probably isn’t considering is that you don’t have to know a lot about a subject to be able to search it – case in point, I’ve been able to track down articles on chemical compounds I know nothing about and had to have the patron spell for me – but I can certainly see why the first place a student might go would be the professor. If I were in a larger library, I’d be able to be more specialized, look specifically at humanities, or science, or government documents, but when it’s just me in the Reference Room, I have to cover topics that I don’t know anything about. At times that’s extremely frustrating for me (because I don’t know where to begin looking) and I’m certain that’s true of the students as well.

Survey conclusions from this particular study are encouraging I think.
“Those interviewed report that they work systematically through the research and writing process… depend upon library books, journals, and databases for their academic research… understand that this search (Internet) is not sufficient for their assignments… often look for recommendations from their professors and teaching assistants”


It seems some of the students had utilized library services and spoke with librarians, although some students (and I think this is often true of a larger population) only equate librarians with hard-copy materials and stack locations. Having just come off of the Internet Librarian conference, I find this absolutely ridiculous!

This is, perhaps, one of the best arguments for being in places students don’t expect and helping them find information they don’t expect. I utilize Wikipedia, Google, YouTube, and so forth just as much as the next person – they aren’t evil and certainly they are a part of the information world. It seems to me one of the challenges of libraries in the future will be to dispel this myth that we are only about the physical materials. If people can connect us synonymously to “information” in their minds – as synonymous as Google is to information – there is no doubt that we will continue to remain relevant. Librarians seek information, and the format of that information may change (floppies to CDs to flash drives anyone?), but the information and our ability to find that information does not.

Internet Librarian: Wednesday: Designing an OPAC for Web 2.0

Building Web 2.0 Native Library Services
Casey Bisson, Software developer & information technologist, Plymouth State University


This session looks at the World Wide Web as a "disruptive technology", and how the Web affects libraries and our users. How can libraries catch up to user expectations of our online services?

My comments are in parentheses


Libraries are much larger than our books or our OPACs, and all library services are subject to the same pressures.

Students will look for "Sociology of education"; librarians will look for "educational sociology"

Challenges to our catalogs: usability: findability: remixability: These are insufficient for our users and what they are used to outside of library systems.

The Internet is not what we think it is: Web 2.0 is made of people

Harvard Psychology Research: Couples tended to learn what each other could remember; so a memory score of a couple together was far higher than any individual alone.

Web has collective memory --> What is the web becoming despite our fears and intentions?
The web was developed as the realm of academics and then business came along until the dot com bust and many of them left the web but then the web had become something other than what we had predicted.

The individual will drive the purpose of the transportation system - the individual will drive the purpose of the web: Services developed are driven by the individual not the coroprate interests.

Where is the Web Now?
Economics of plenty - Linux is an example of this and we all use it daily. It is the dominant system that many of the websites we use.
Over 3/4 of Americans have regular access to the Internet and over half of them are using it on any given day (older figures)

IBM saves a $900,000,000 annually because they've embraced open source products such as Apache & Linux.

The web has made such collaboration & innovation possible.

Lessons From Web 2.0
Leading demographic of those buying music online - or embracing iTunes store = Adults over 35: What happens when these users are the leading people making budget decisions at the local level?

1. We get one chance to prove that we're not stupid.
The services we have are worth using - we only get one chance to prove this.

Users searching for "Sociology of education" will get "Facilitating watershed management" as the fourth result! - The experience needs to be improved - we need to get better results and better context! User interface looks brilliant, but the quality of information we received is not that useful.

The Subject "Educational sociology" is there - now the user can see it and find it easily. There is context.


2. People have questions
Mixes catalog content with website content - our course guides now appear right at the top.

Results: A guide to research in Lamson Library: Course specific research guides: databases: books and more: reference material: etc - followed by catalog (book) results.

The moment somebody asks a question is the time they need the answer - we need to get better at closing the gap between question and answers.

3. Links are Citations
The web has taught us that the URL is the main way to cite our works: Link to our citations - both searches and particular resources.

4. We are not the Center of the Information Universe
People will use information from a variety of sources and they will send it off in a variety of ways. If a browser allows them to email an item or copy/paste items out - Users will do this. YouTube example: Easy Embed Code.

What library will be the first to use an embed code with the book jacket, and a link back to the catalog?

5. Valid, clean, semantic markup is essential
We need to build services that work well - not just for us and display on screen as we want them - If we take away the CSS it still has semantic meaning. If we use the features of XHTML properly to identify - it's easy for users to read and easy for machines to read.

6. Sites that allow comments value their users
Best lesson of Web 2.0 is that our users are smarter than us. These comments add value to the photos and help us know WHERE and WHAT these items are about - something no archivist or librarian in the world could tell us.
(Could we put our online photos into a 'blog' type feature? And if so, allow comments from community members to label those in the photos?)

We didn't have to do anything special to allow this information to be added - simply a comment system.

7. Your website is not a marketing tool... it's a service point.
Our customers come to our website for knowledge, information, and service not to be marketed too - we need to give them what they are looking for.

What is Scriblio?
WordPress is the basis for Scriblio - database has already been set up, it's on a server, and we know that it works. From here it's fifteen minutes to making your library better.

WordPress is a five minute install (mostly because it may take five minutes to upload files)

WordPress is the basis of Scriblio - It is now used by 2 million users world-wide - many of those users are contributing back to WordPress. If we use something unique to libraries we are duplicating many efforts along those scores.

Install Scriblio: a set of plugins for WordPress: Helps us to represent library catalog - and in many cases the entire library website.

Activate iSuite: Activate Scriblio: All of the software components have been activated in 3 minutes

Let's bring some data in - Import tab: Catalog importer - accepts marc files. Default importer for Scriblio

Second Import tab: III importer - Imports records from III ILS: most difficult questions is what bib number range do you want to use? You don't have to export these records first, it's taking information directly from the ILS using features that are available in nearly all III catalogs.

SIDENOTE: Image Archive - Doesn't have a big digital collection tool behind it using FLICKR to catalog and upload these records

We actually Harvested them and now we're going to publish that harvest.

Scriblio Options are where we will set names and we also need to set Permalink options: domainname.net/read/idnumber

RSS feeds out of this catalog

Less than ten minutes to do all of these steps.

FrontEnd: Blog Posts & Pages

Browse Link - almost our catalog - We need our searching facets

Presentation Tab: Widgets: Drop in a Search Tool & Search Editor

We can narrow by subject - let's look for fiction - history. It will continue to give other options

Changed theme: Scriblio theme - a demo theme

Do you have eleven and a half minutes to build a library that is more searchable?

300,000 items in this particular catalog; Familiarity with Cron (??) should be able to schedule updates. Description and reviews as well as covers are coming directly from Amazon's API

http://www.scriblio.net/

Internet Librarian: Wednesday: Alternative & Customized Search Engines

Mary Ellen Bates, Bates Information Services

Tip-filled session from an experienced super searcher focuses on less-well-known search engines, highlighting advantages of these search engines. Also a discussion of Customized Search Engines

Today:
Beyond the Big 3.5 (Google, Yahoo, MSN, Ask.com - the .5)
Specialized search tools
Building your own search engines

Exalead
"One of the best general search engines I've ever seen"
Great advanced search tools - excellent tool for complex searching for researchers
Excellent tool, although it is a smaller index to Google or Yahoo, it has better search features.
Advanced Search Features
  • Phonetic spelling

  • words starting with (truncation)

  • exact phrase

  • approximate searching (e.g. colour & color) - this helps to expand search to other English sites other than American

  • adjacent words +15 words in either order - near enough to be actual relate

  • Logical Expression - "Nexted Logic" ( (fast OR speed) and NOT light)


Customizable front page available

Clusty
Clusty Cloud Creator - This can be embedded into a web page so that you can see a cloud of keywords that they found as a result
Example search "Infotoday.com" would bring up: books, librarian, library, social networks, information today, marketing, literacy, selection, searcher, etc.

Beta Sites of search engines: SearchMash.com - virtually unbranded Google's Beta; au.alpha.yahoo.com; MsDewey
Searches these sites, but in a different design

Intelways
Searches a lot of different places and may be an excellent tool for helping to find search places

SRCHR
Build your own Intelways - tell them what resources you want to search.

Scandoo
Searches Google, Yahoo, MSN, and Ask - even if it shows up early in the results it may not be useful for you!
Labels each site whether it's an offensive site, hate site, is known for malware or spyware, etc
E.G., In a search for Martin Luther King, Jr, there would be a green light next to say Wikipedia, red light next to the martin luther king . org (White supremacy site)

FindSounds.com
When you really need a quack, R2D2, or a splat; can get "similar" sounds based on wave pattern!!

What's a Custom Search Engine??
You filter the search, limit to certain domains or sites, or tweak the relevance ranking - put the library's imprimatur on search results.

www.BatesInfo.com/test.html - Examples

Limit the search to whatever you love!

Both Google & Yahoo are extremely simple to use. Google is nifty, but we can do Google one better!

Yahoo Search Builder
Can limit search by domain, append key terms or exclude sites or terms; shows tag cloud of search terms, very customizable - include your library's logo
http://builder.search.yahoo.com

Google Co-op
Can limit by domain, can specify domains to be higher ranked, requires at least one keyword
http://www.google.com/coop/cse

Visit http://labs.google.com to find nifty new Google features

ALA-RUSA Best Free Reference Web Sites - Searching only the reference sites ALA-RUSA feels are most reliable

Swicki
Collaborative approach to filtering - keeps track of click-throughs to help modify relevance ranking
You supply initial keywords
http://www.eurekster.com

Rollyo
Extremely narrow and focused (25 Sites)
Can see what others have decided to use for that particular topic
rollyo.com

Gigablast CTS
Fairly rudimentary - not a large number of power tools at this point.
Specify domains to search.
Effective limit of 200 domains (although not documented, but it will slow the search down)
Gigablast.com

Internet Librarian: Wednesday Keynote: Future of Search

Danny Sullivan, Editor-in-Chief, Search Engine Land


Future of search: Hard to predict since two key things I expected to happen have happened!
  1. Personalized results

  2. Blended results


Challenges with search engines are how to automatically get you into the right search engines into the right specialized search when you search for something like 'pictures of Italy'

Federated seach hits the web, AKA:
  • Meta search

  • Universal Search

  • 3D/ Morph

  • Answers

  • Shortcuts

Blended results or Blended search - multiple resources into one kind of search.

Google Universal Search: May 2007
  • Automatically queries: books, images, news, video, local + web

  • More sources added in the future

  • Relevancy of each vertical "silo" assessed and measured against others


For the typical searcher no one is going to know what Google is doing, but on the front end it presents information that is relevant from all of the top searches - web, video, local results, news, maps, etc. These results replace web results so you still receive ten results on your page, it's just that some of them are from other specialized searches. Videos can be watched on the Google search page if you click the +; Maps inserted at the top with local hotels + businesses

Vertical Search: Only want to hit 'news information' or a specific slice of the search; Horizontal Search: hits everything from all search

ASK 3D & "Morph": June 2007
  • 2 "pane" design

  • 3rd pane uses "Morph" algorithm to search relevant verticals

  • Blogs, news, news images, video, Wikipedia, dictionary, more


Microsoft Life: September 2007
  • Pushing Microsoft Answers

  • Health, shopping, entertainment/Celebrities, local

  • Smart Motion Video Previews - 30 Second summary of the video


Celebrity xRank - From Microsoft

Yahoo: October 2007
Pushing Yahoo Shortcuts: Events, music, movies, travel, sports, health, shopping, businesses, and restaurants

Blended Overview
  • Verticals will become more prominent

  • Metaphor/presentation still being worked out

  • Ask 3D didn't generate boost; toolbar download did, and now iWon ramp-up

  • Live saw gains through "Search Club"


Will Crawlers Survive? (November 2002 Slide)
  • Link analysis saved them from drowning in spam

  • Now link manipulation has become issue

    • Bloggers: Let's "googlebomb" to help sites we like

    • Site owners: Let's create artificial link networks

    • Site owners: Let's just get links Google "likes"

    • SearchKing (and others): We got good links for sale!

Personalization of results - people get custom tailored solutions - makes it harder for sites to spam

Personalization Influencers: Google Personalized Home Page content - Google Bookmarks - Search history (clicks) - Web history (visits)

Facebook
Social Graph (ugh) / social network data is potential useful: Watch what others are searching on - but who are your friends?

Mahalo - Topically targeted pages: Top seven: selected by human beings

Overall the Future:
Verticals will continue to grow
Personalization will continue to be helpful although there will be privacy issues
Social may play a role
7 out of 10 Americans have "Search Engine Fatigue" - 72% expereience "Search engine fatigue" (either always, usually, are sometimes) when researching
65% percent say they've spent two or more hours in a single sitting searching

Search Engine Land - website
http://searchengineland.com

SearchCap:
http://searchengineland.com/searchcap.php

Daily Search Cap:
http://www.dailysearchcast.com

30 October, 2007

Internet Librarian: Tuesday Night: Gadgets, Gadgets, Gadgets

Gadgets, Gadgets, Gadgets

Barbara Fullerton; Sabrina Pacifici; Aaron Schmidt


Wi-Fi Detector Shirt: ThinkGeek.com

Asustek Internet Radio (AIR):
Can connect to the Internet using a standard LAN connection - provides access to 10,000 radio station worldwide.

Archos 404 Camcorder: pics, video, $300

Cable Cat: $7

Canon Snap Concept:

Sunray SX2 - Solar-powered golf cart made by Cruise Car: $7,000

Revisit: Blackjack: Download music, Mobile OS, 1.3 pixel camera...

Meebo Firefox Sidebar: Better alerts, easy link sharing: free!! (Meebo.com)

Touchscreen Wireless Patient Forms Clipboard: Phressia supples a bacteria resistant touch pad computer free to all participating doctor's offices. Eliminates repititious filling out of paper forms that are always awaiting us when we come to see our physician

MyGo Cane: Potential to replace seeing eye dogs as guides for the visually impaired.

Format War Update: Blu-ray Disc is outselling HD-DVD 2:1

e-ink Based eBook Readers: Sony Reader PRS-505: Price $300: Very thin and flat: Move page forward and back: Holds several hundred books

iGo Everywhere85: Universal Adaptor: Alternative to toting separate chargers for different mobile devises

Vudu: Broadband set top box: Movie rental & purchase: $.99 - $19.99: Price $249

Slippers: Yoda & Darth Vader & the Darth Vader Flashlight

HP: Cloudprint: Print documents on any printer almost anywhere

Skitch: In beta & for Apple only - screengrab tool.

Jing.com: Similar tool as Skitch for windows

iPod Video goggles: Goggle like glasses plus directly into your video ipod and project a virtual 24 inch TV. Power comes from your iPod: run more than 4 hours

Wireless iTMS: Coming soon

5 Terabytes = new hard drives: Comes 2011

Gadgets: Going Green

Pop-open Cafe: Mobile library branch?

Canon: Rebel XT Canon has eco-friendly products!

GreenPrint software: automatically anaylizes extraneous pages before they print:

Staple-less Staplers!

Internet Librarian: Tuesday Review Entry

Met the author of librarywebchic and thanked her for sharing information on her blog, which has been a source of inspiration to me over the past year. She remarked that sometimes you had to push for what you needed for users.

I've found this very true in my own library. I ask if we can do something, the default answer seems to be ‘no’, and I’m never content with that answer. If my original idea might not work, then there must be something else that will work and we simply need to discover what it is.

I’m interested in looking at Meebo as a source of ‘contact a librarian’ information.

One of the presentations I was at today remarked: use Web 2.0 technology that you are already comfortable using. This makes me wonder about using Facebook, not from a library perspective necessarily, but as a personal way to communicate with the community: students & faculty.

There were some interesting presentations and lots of interesting tools that could be used inside libraries for information literacy and reference.

The Keynote presentation was particularly interesting in terms of the philosophy of reference. I really agree with several of the points made by Joe James. I do think that the future of reference is going to be about putting the library into the path of users wherever that may be.

We need to stop thinking about reference as only something that happens inside the library and somehow we have to figure out best practices for our library to offer varying styles of reference without having hardship on the librarians.

We’ve always given varying degrees of service to users – you wouldn’t do a forty minute reference interview with someone who wants to know the capital of Bolivia, for instance – so why should we be worried about answering very briefly emails and/or IMs we receive?

Another comment was in discussion to reference rooms – putting reference books into circulation. Honestly, I think there is more of this that needs to happen. We need to move away from the library as a space to hold our collection and towards keeping and allowing physical spaces for users. If we could free up more of our reference room to do this, I think it would be a very good thing.

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Screencasting & Elearning on a Dime

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Screencasting & Elearning on a Dime
Karen Coombs & Michelle Boule


Drupal Chat
Single party client, must have an account, and sometimes is blocked
ADM, Trillian, Pigeon (3rd Party Clients)
Meebo à Web-based, multi-client chats

Group Clients:
Campfire
Meebo Rooms

Often embeddable in websites!

BLOGS:
Blogger
Free, API is open & integrates with other Google products, buy your domain through Google for about $10!
WordPress
Open Source, very flexible – uses Akismet (spam software), allows imports from other blog systems, posts to the future, and auto-saves.
Moveable Type
Widgets, email notification, varying levels of pricing.

Screencapture
Camtasia
Video, powerpoints, screencaps, fairly complex to learn & use, can export to flash among others
Captivate
Preferred to Camtasia for simplicity of use, but will not do true video, will export to flash
CamStudio
The free option, open source, very simple, exports to AVI or Flash

For macs: iShowYou

Once you’ve created it store it at Blip.tv

WebCasting
Expensive for the most part
OPAL: Online Programming for all libraries; Tom Peters uses a lot, Only works in IE.

DimDim – Currently in Beta, PC Only

Zoho Meeting – Works on everything; currently free
Vmukti Meeting Place – supports open or private meetings

Podcasting
Audacity – to create audio files, MP3s, adjust levels, and set IDE tags

Store at Our Media (or Blip.TV)
Upload audio or video – create a podcast feed

Feedburner
Add info for itunes – keeps stats of subscribers
ITunes University

PodPress – imbed podcasts in a blog

(Ref Stats – free statistics program??)

Internet Library: Tuesday: Training Strategies and Social Networking Tools

Training Strategies & Social Networking Tools
Karen Draper, Senior Information SPecialist, Adobe Inc.

Discussion of how the library and research group at Adobe reaches out to engineers, marketing professionals, sales people, and more through various training tools aimed at helping them use internal and external resources more efficiently and effectively.

Meet the Users:
Kathleen, Product Manager
Likes: Personalization, lots of detail, latest updates, web conferencing-based learning from her desk, ebooks and audio formats are fine

Ajay, Engineer
Likes: Working remotely, working collaboratively, searching for or figuring things out for himself, deep research in a narrow subject

Stephanie, Marketing Manager
Likes: Getting to the bottom line ASAP, All kinds of research on Adobe, being able to ask someone else, Web conferencing from desk so multi-tasking is an option

Rich, Sales Person
Likes: Quick responses, competitive information, communication by phone, web conferencing-based on his specific areas, will not go back later to listen to recordings

Ben, Intern
Likes: Picking the brains of more experienced co-workers, exploring the portal on his own, learning via in-person classes, working collaboratively

Laura, Director
Likes: Interested in the big picture, email-based alerts and newsletters, time not spent in meetings is good time, Learning new things as needed

Decided to try new approaches including:
Point of Need training
FAQ Wiki & Help section on Portal: Self-paced learning options for people to learn when they need.
One-on-One Instruction: Using presentation software to allow another person to be the 'presenter'

Captivate - Using this to do screencapture motions and audio narrations.

What do people want with tutorials? Advanced Search, Basic Search, Email Alerts, Library Catalog, RSS Feeds, Saved Searches

Tutorials are in Flash and can be stopped, started, paused, etc, by the user: People can view without Captivate software


Virtual Classes
Web Conferencing and In-person Group Training
Polls help keep communications open: Using polls at the first of class and towards the last of class.
Connect: Can record other classes so they can be reviewed later by people in different time zones.
Department &/or Group Training by request.

Social Networking Tools
Blogs: Adobe Markets & Research Blog: Info U classes
Publicity mechanism for all classes as well as primary storage location after the class.
Folksonomies: Uses a specific tag to tag web sites for each class

Where to now?
  • Follow new features and redesigns with new classes and tutorials

  • Plan earlier training for interns

  • Extend reach to remote offices

  • Investigate tools likepod casts, videos, mobile access, etc.


Moo-Cards!!

Silke Fliecsher - tools on how to use Captivate (Connect?)

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Content & Commons: Library 2.0 Organizational Strategies

Content & Commons: Library 2.0 Organizational Strategies
Terence K. Huwe, Institute for Research on Labor and Employment Library, UC – Berkeley

Huwe describes how “library skill” was employed at iRLE to vastly increase the reach of the library staff into the working lives of its user community.

How library skill can drive organizational change – how 2.0 is a tubro-charger
How library 2.0 and Web 2.0 are changing “communities of practice”

Library 2.0, Content and Commons: Many interpretations are equal to many opportunities. If you have a clear vision, you can run with it and no one will stop you.

Can you foretell what classrooms will look like in five years?
What about the libraries?
What about offices?
Organizational charts?

We need to do more of the same only better.

“Technologies of Collaboration” are now mainstream
Many professionals have embraced Web 2.0: It is vital to view technology as an ‘enabler of community’.

Physical space has new life: those of us with the opportunity to do so can “enliven” physical and virtual space and the process goes together. Every environment has challenges and we need to build a strategy and craft strategies that work for us – not use technologies that do not work.

Library 2.0 and Library Commons go hand in hand with current research about how Gen Y and the Net Gen learn. How do space and content management go together?

How do we mix technologies from our Legacy Systems with 2.0 Tools in a way that woks? We should be mixing promising new technology such as Blogs, Wikis, podcasts, social bookmarking, flickr, social networking and so forth with the not-so-new technologies of intranets and extranets, ILS systems, CMS, etc.

Technology supports community: The idea of a library commons and content management through organizations run parallel. Managing and preserving content is something that faculty are increasingly interested in and concerned about.

Library Commons: Provide effective group spaces: Enable both student work and social time: The more we can do this the more we bring the library back into focus as the technology in the computer lab and the technology in the library merge together.

Disciplines are ‘collapsing’ into each other quite quickly – there is more emphasis on multi-disciplinary research.
How is teaching and research being approached?
How is the university approaching community service?
How are students studying?

Organization works to make technology work.

RSS is driving Blogs: What is happening in the news?

Joomba – PHP driven – Open Source: If you’re wanting to customize it you’ll need to add another 30 hours on to do that.

80% of downloads are PodCasts and only about 20% are WebCasts.

ODEO is a free web-based service for podcasts.

When 2.0 tools become relevant to the organization we’re attached to we’ve got our hands full at the moment.

Improve space for the library and people will be interested in the library again.

What have we learned about Organizations and Library 2.0
  • Information Professionals still have an edge on understanding how content “feeds” communities.

  • IT departments, left in charge, often don’t see the potential we do – so take over!

    • We see the web as a communication platform, the IT department tends to see things in terms of ‘what problem’ do I have to take care of next?

  • Direct oversight of networked information and programming “skill” is very important

  • Recreational and business computing activity are merging – but not as fast as some think – students don’t see a difference between recreation and business computing

  • The larger the (academic) library, the slower the implementation process – so be a self-starter

  • Given the situation, individuals need to take big steps – even risks


2.0 Technologies allow you to side step the ‘administration’: Individuals can get into the role of education of the entire organization. Social networking software emphasizes individual voices – exercise your own.

Don’t ask, Just do: “It’s easier to ask for forgiveness than it is for permission”

Trends to watch in organizations:
Survey: How much “authoring” is going on via the web, and by whom? (Blogs, Wikis, e-journals) – this would be a tip-off for community readiness.
Survey: What are they saying in their disciplines?
Action: Create focus groups or small group
Action: Understand your organizational subculture.

Summary
Many organizations lack a comprehensive understanding of Web 2.0 and Library 2.0
Intrepreneuring librarian can take the lead if they’re willing to take a risk.
Take a bite-size approach and start with applications you personally enjoy.
Firm understanding of the organization should be a guide for your implementation of 2.0 technologies

Learning Spaces: An edcause ebook:
http://del.icio.us/uva_digital_library
http://www.joomla.org

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Teach Me More! Fun & Gaming in Libraries

Teach me More! Fun & Gaming in Libraries
Chad Boeninger, Reference & Instruction Technology Coordinator, Ohio University Libraries
Randy Christensen, Associate Professor Library Media, Southern Utah University Library

Interactive session demonstrates educational gaming as a way to add interest and excitement to library instructions.


Comments in Parentheses my thoughts, not speakers
Have you got a Game Plan?: Adapting Library Services to the Needs of Gamers
Chad Boeninger - Library Voice (Chad's Blog)

Chad: One of the reasons I love librarianship is that we look at new tools and how to apply them to libraries.

Theoretical component: How can we take some of the elements of these things to libraries to make them more fascinating.

Games Encourage Exploration
Video from Lego Star Wars Game: Encourages exploration of the suroundings in the game.

Games allow Immersion in Varieties
Video from Resident Evil 4: Options to make a lot of decisions, an RPG element. Player has control over their own game play experience.
Video from Bully

Games encourage learning while doing
Video from God of War (Rated M): Gaming encourages learning while doing. We learn things and apply them immediately. We learn five or six different buttons within the first 20 minutes of game play. As game play progresses, we have to adapt those skills to progress.

As Libraries we encourage exploration, immersion, and learning while doing.

Libraries encourage learning while doing:
Quote from The Kids are All Right,

"Games are sometimes fiendishly, sometimes maddeningly, hard" - Everything is Bad is Good For You

Libraries encourage Exploration:
Libraries have always been places to explore information: How can we encourage more exploration in libraries?

We need new nomenclature.
We need consistent interfaces: Gamers use the same controlers

Immersion in Libraries:
Make facilities more inviting to users in a learning/information commons
Wireless connectivity allows users to go to the spaces they prefer
Movable furniture & Coffee shops
Customizable Interfaces: My EbscoHost, etc

Learning While Doing:
Must incorporate hands-on experiences: Immediate application of content
Must be relevant and timely

Point of need help: Instant help: screencap & Meebos connected to databases.

Allow them to help themselves through sitemaps: FAQs: etc


Randy Christensen
Libraries doing Information Literacy on the Internet: Austin Community College
University of North Carolina - Greensborough

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Keynote Address: Reference 2.0

Internet Librarian: Tuesday: Keynote Address

Joe James, Reference 2.0

“Be Confident in what you already know about Reference” – Want to poke at this idea.

Academic: Someone who would face the apocalypse with a historical overview.

Samuel Green: Primary purpose for helping people find information is because there is too much information and people can’t find what they are looking for. (1876) Librarians should step in and help people find information.

Special, Public, and Academic libraries followed with Academic libraries being the last to follow (no reference desks in academic libraries pre-1910)

Reference manifests itself in different ways in different settings.

In 2007, there IS a lot of stuff and people can find it, or find something, and there are ways to get help.

Traditional Reference Librarianship is not going to work.
We have to change the way we think about and conceptionalize reference work.

It is worth assuming that everything eventually will be in digital form. Google book’s ultimate goal is to have all the books. Everything will be in digital format with very different ways to search this information.

Followed by horizontal/federated searching: with every way to get to things: chapter, paragraph, stanza, lyric, image, etc. Increasing we’ll be looking for parts & wholes with everything increasingly digital.

James Wire: “they will choke and die in front of you before they tell you what they want”. (1930)

How do we insert reference into this world?
Blogs, Wikis and Podcasts are a part of this. (Change Wikipedia if you don’t like it!)

Niches where what we do can shines:
  • We are made for depth, for authority, people who care or can be made to care.

  • Some people who prefer to be helped.


Google helps millions of people every day, we couldn’t do that if we wanted to – and do we even want to? Provide high quality service to the types of people you can provide service to: they will love you and spread the word about how great you are.
We have done this before – We have offered reference in different ways based on what people want. You don’t do a 40-minute reference interview for someone who wants to know the capital of Bolivia!

Impulse: We just want to be heard – sits in every library we have, the music, the poem, the books, everything boils down to this. Social Network tools such as Facebook are the modern equivalent of sitting around the campfire: It’s sharing our voice and saying we’re here.

If this is the environment that around half of our communities are living in we have to live there too.

The interesting thing about Second Life is that it is about creation. If we can help people make their creative works more useable we are doing good work.

Every library should be somewhere and everywhere both inside and outside the library: this is the concept of the library leaking out of the building. In most cases this is much stronger than the physical presence of the library.

Concept of a library is anytime anyone interacts with your stuff:
When they’re asking a question online
When they’re searching a database
When they’re in the catalog
When they’re on your website

We can tell easily how many users come into our library but probably have no idea how many people visit to our website. Go home and count and say ‘we’ve doubled our useage’ we’d like more money!

FAQs are reference work: people helping each other. In this increasingly digital world, people are helping each other – far more intertwined and personal than people who come in and ask a reference question.

Now we’re seeing segmentation in our population:
People who are into quality, who are diving for more, when they are willing and able to wait, this is when we do reference as we used to do it – better than we used to do it, because now we have digital: For the moment, print is our secret weapon that we should tell people about!

Put reference in the circulating collection: As the years go by, print is less of a strategic point.

(1909) “Method over material”: Stuff doesn’t matter as much as how you engage them.

Transitory Search Questions: For people who are in chat rooms, and so forth – move them forward. Give them a search tip, help them with a source, and so forth.
Participate in the digital world – be a role model, be useful: we need best practices for how to do this.

(1944) Market yourself as a time saver! Margaret Hutcheonson (??)

People think of us in a small pigeonhole and if we present ourselves in a small pigeonhole they get one note. We have chords; scales; symphonies to give them so play that complete melody so they can hear it.

Whatever we do online should be better than what we do in person – it’s got to be more compelling, more efficient, because they can leave more quickly than those who walk into the building!


Do be confident in what we do; but do not be complacent. We will see more and better opportunities for us to provide better service, provide better quality, and be better as professionals.

29 October, 2007

Internet Librarian: Monday Review Entry

Some overall thoughts drafted some the presentations on Monday at the Internet Librarian conference.

Web Design
So far as websites go I really need to more user testing. I need data to back up where the users are going and what paths they take to get there. If this isn’t information that I can get through the library IT, I need to work with the larger web team at the University to get this information.

We should also be able to tell how many hits our library website gets. We can state easily how many people enter our physical presence; we should know how many people enter our virtual presence as well.

  1. Data to back up where users are going (statistics, # of hits, etc)

  2. Why do users come to our website? – The answer to this question will help us determine what needs to be the focus of our website pages

  3. Focus groups – really need to do focus groups

  4. Card testing to help determine layout using staff, student workers, and other students

  5. More A/B testing with small things like terminology or placement – Item #1 needs to be in place before this can work effectively


Other items:
  • The Click of Three rule is not necessarily accurate – users will keep clicking if they feel that by clicking they are getting to where they wish to be (this could be really important in influencing current design)

  • Consideration of alternate ways of accessing the web page – is this an issue currently? If we aren’t looking at this now, how soon will we need to consider it? We should be a leader on campus for mobile accessibility

  • Design is hugely important. While function is incredibly important, how the page looks is v. important. Studies and research show that if a user likes the look of a site, they are more likely to forgive some poor usability features – we cannot afford to settle for ‘mediocrity’ in design or design elements within a page

  • Placement – don’t put important information into places often relegated to ads on other pages (right hand side, above headers or below footers – does top navigation need to be redundant if it is placed at the very top of the page?)

  • LibrarianInBlack blog will have specific web design tools that might be useful and I should look into using these



There are so many free tools that can be utilized for library purposes – we should be doing this more.

Internet Librarian: Monday: Web Design on a Dime

Web Design on a Dime
Sarah Houghton-Jan, Soon-to-be Senior Librarian for Digital Futures, LibrarianInBlack.net

Web design in libraries
Staffing for web development will vary by size, type, funding, leadership's dedication, and perception of commuinty "techie-ness"

Advocate, what you need: Users expect to be online when and where they are; online and brick and mortar services to be identical' your site quality to be on par with others they use

The library website is an e-branch: This can be open 24/7 for all users. It is the library's most important public face. And it will be the cheapest branch to run, hundreds of free add-ons to take advantage of!

The library's website, and by extension its entire web presence,


20 Tips for On the Dime
#1 Talk with your users - engage your users by being available online including instant messaging, MeeboMe - put it in the catalog! Be available by text messaging. Use Skype through kiosks in the library or another item.

#2 Provide classes and events - provide online users with the same things people inside your branch will get. Use podcasting to do classes or events.
E.G., www.fordlibrary.org/yareviews; www.cheshirelib.org/teens/cplpodcast.htm; www.lbasg.group.shef.ac.uk/downloads/mainlibrary.html;

Videocasting - Use Avidemux (editing software that is free); E.G., feeds.feedburner.com/primesboxlive; www.dok.info; gpclibraryradio.blogspot.com

Go to YouTube and search for librar*

#3 Over dynamic Lists
Use blogs or other easy to update tools (wikis) to recommend movies, music, and books, encouraging full staff participation - MLS or not! Use an entry template if you'd like AND welcome user comments!

Ann Arbor District Library; Madison Public Library - MADreads;

#4 Offer tools and mash-ups
People are doing things with your library content: be aware and advertise/educate users. Educate Users about what privacy they are giving up and allowing others to look for.
Library ELF: Library account tracking and alerts via e-mail & RSS
Library LookUp: click on this bookmarklet when on a webpage with an ISBN to look up a book
LibX Toolbar: Buttons to lead to databases, catalog, and search easily!

#5 - Pretty up your catalog
Biggest point of online contact with users - put staff time, money, and thought into improving what you have. Emphasize usability and interactivity. Overlays are also available through AquaBrowser, Endeca, LibraryThing for Libraries, WorldCat Local, etc

Hennepin County Library - Catalog example

#6 - Increase database visibility
Focus on the WHAT - Newspapers, Journals, Magazines, etc
Separate periodicals from others
Links on the home page
Do not use the word 'database'
FREE, FREE, FREE - people don't always understand that this is free to them.
Subject guides, pathfinders & Outreach visits - Present both databases and web pages in one place!

Market, market, market - but don't bookmark it!


#7 - Increase eBook visibility
Buy multiple eBook collections; Focus on text and audio that is downloadable; TONS of free eBooks, Get everything into your catalog and market to specific audiences! (eBooks are cheaper than print books (plus no processing, shelving, check-outs) and cheaper on a cost per circ basis): There is a project going on with Project Gutenberg to catalog their collection so it can be put into the catalog.

Free eBook collections are available - there are a lot

#8 - Exploit the blog as a format
Don't call it a blog and allow comments!
www.libraryforlife.org/gameblog/; westernspringshistory.org;

#9 - Make RSS your BFF
RSS is more than just blogs

  • Hennepin CL: item and news feeds

  • Edmonton PL: new teen books

  • Contra Costa CL: item and news feeds

  • Thompson Rivers UL: library updates

  • Seattle PL: favourite authors and updates


A great way to get information out about news and events!
RSS Calendar - Creates a calendar of events and subscribers will automatically get updates of what new events are. Feed Submitter will submit your RSS feed to multiple sites for free

#10 - Try a wiki, any wiki

Bull Run Library Wiki - can be created collaborated; St Joseph County Library

#11 - Give a face to your library

FLICKR and other photos sharing sites: Show photos of your library's interior and exterior, staff doing things, people! users, events, etc!
Use Flickr to promote new library projects
Flickr photos can have so many things done with them!

#12 - Use project management tools
iTeamwork/Gantt Project/Gliffy

#13 - Use a bajillion Firefox add-ons
Web Developer's Toolbar
Link Checker (many options)
Linkify (searches for URLs based on link text)
Widefox
Pearl Crescent Page Saver Basic

#14 - Don't pay for images

  • ClassroomClipArt.com

  • Image*After

  • OpenClipArt.org

  • OpenPhoto.net


#15 - Pay attention to accessibility

#16 - Use design tools to save time
CSS menu generator
Flash bar generator
Freelayouts
Freecss templates.org
inknoise

#17 - Use other available tools
Gimp, Webmonkey, Library Site2, Color Blender, Yousendit, dzone, programmable web, gimp

#18 - if hosting is insufficient/unavailable
tinypic, googlebase, onestatfree.com

#19 - Exploit image generators
http://generatorblog.blogspot.com

#20 - Keep everything current!


LibrarianInBlack.net

Internet Librarian: Monday: Federated Searching Feedback

Federated Searching Feedback

Jill Hurst-Wahl, Hurst Associates, Ltd.
Sarah C. Williams, Science & Technology Library & Angela Bonnell, Government documents librarian, Illinois State University

Benefits and shortcomings of Federated Search.

Jill Hurst-Wahl's Presentation

Libraries may have multiple catalogs, databases, and digital repositories that users may want to search. Advise to libraries as we think about federated search and companies as they do federated software.

Why care about federated search?
Users are intolerant, they'd like to search one spot and get information as a variety of places.
Federated search is seen as a 'cure-all', a way to search everything at once.
Federated Search does what database vendors will not do, should it always be an extra piece of software?
We care because search results from federated search may be disappointing - so how do these vendors build federated search products to help ensure satisfactory results

Federated Search Benefits
One-stop "shopping"
Less database training, we just train them about the federated search: hopefully this is as easy to use as our favourite database
One portal for all library content
-And library & non-library content including web-content at some point (if not already happening)
Enhanced information discovery

Federated Search Shortcomings
Harder to delve deeper into content
Cannot use advanced search features
Complete de-duping is difficult - some may do it fairly well, but often you will receive more than one copy of the article in your search results.
Broken connectors - the software that connects the federated search software to a database - if this item is broken you can't access the database through search
New connectors take time & money to build - if the federated search doesn't support that database may charge you $$$ to create that connectors
Federated Searches can be extremely expensive

Advice for Libraries
Identify your largest target group when thinking about Federated Search - who are these people and what do they really need?
Learn about your Federated Search: Ask lots of questions and talk to other users who may use this Federated Search.
Evaluate all options; make an independent decision based upon all your needs.
Think about add-ons, what do you need that is not available in the base product and whether there will be costs
Document why you did what you did and publish how you went through this process and what you chose and what you found as a case study independent of vendors and be very honest about the search you chose and the good, the bad, and the ugly of your particular choice.

Advice for Federated Search Companies
Talk to every body about your product both with the librarians & consultants.
Don't make your language 'unique' - use the same language as everyone else so that we understand what you're talking about.
Provide screenshots with explanations on your website
Don't expect us to discuss items on the phone with you to figure out your 'unique feature'.


Sarah C. Williams, Science & Technology Library & Angela Bonnell, Government documents librarian, Illinois State University

"Search it" - what we chose to call the Federated Search Engine at Illinois State University
Librarians from Public Services, Technical Services, and Systems worked together to implement and prepare.

'Search it' appears on the home page and in the middle of the database page.

Usability Testing was to determine ease of use for new users.
Participants: 4 undergraduate students & 3 graduate students; 4 males & 3 females; 1 science, 6 social sciences & 0 humanities

Highlights of Usability Testing
Wasn't obvious to users they were searching only 12 resources simultaneously; action was to revise subheading to say that it was searching only 12 resources simultaneously
None of the students selected to include the library catalog; action was to automatically include the catalog

Several participants had difficulty finding material by format: action was to suggest vendor develop a limit by format option

Focus Group Details
Participants: 4 undergraduate students & 7 graduate students; 6 males & 5 females; 6 Science, 5 Social Sciences, & 0 humanities
Questions available on handouts.

Are students using Search It?
55% of students were using it often.
Several discovered it on their own, but students suggested that it be promoted through instruction session.

Used it because it is faster, easier, less confusing and a good beginning point.

Students were very confused about searching different databases even after several years on campus
None of the students relied exclusively on the Quick Search, usually they would use a combination of both or Advanced Search Only

Satisfaction: It didn't always narrow specifically and students recognized disadvantages

Right hand column - students thought it was a calendar event and not permanent as well as possibly an ad.

Students were pleased with it overall - they felt that 'more articles like this' and limiting by format as well as a shopping cart would be really useful. All students said that yes we should keep this product.

Illinois State University took a User Centered Approach to this search tool.

Internet Librarian: Monday: Inspiration for your Library Redesign

Inspiration for your Library Redesign
Bennett Ponsford & Christina Hoffman Gola, Texas A&M University Libraries
Erica Reynolds, Web Content manager, Johnson County LIbrary


Bennett Ponsford - Texas A&M University Libraries

How do users want to search?
What type of items are users searching for?
How do they discover new resources?
What is the last thing they look for?
What search do they want to default to?

What should we do with subject and class guides?
What would make these more relevant? - Terminology, Format, Location, etc.

What Web 2.0 features do users actually want?

Methodology: Phases
  1. Initial surveys

  2. Discussion forums

  3. Focus Groups


Will add in other items.

Recruited through traditional forums (blanket campus emails - best response) advertising in student papers and also facebook group and undergraduate blogs


  • Undergraduates Vs. Graduate Students/Faculty

  • Both groups are looking for our stuff - not the web page, but rather the articles, books, etc.

  • There were searching differences

    • Graduates and Faculty want just the search, no clutter

    • Undergraduates need more tutorials and so forth.

    • Graduates and Faculty often look for a specific item/Undergraduates often look by subject/keyword

    • Graudates & Faculty do more with the library's site such as renewals, and so forth.



Web 2.0 Features
Less than 30% of the users were interested in user-generated content
Traditional Preferences for communicating with the libraries; most want to email or come in to the library in person.

Second Survey confirmed First Survey Results
Everyone discussed simplifying the home page - without any consensus on what the simplification would entail. Grad students & Faculty simply wanted their favourite search engines, Undergraduates wanted more help on the home page.

Seem to be searching for Articles first, but suggest books as default search (confusion about what they are associating with the library?)

Users were often so confused they couldn't describe where they got lost.

Christina Hoffman Gola
Results: Focus Groups
Google Scholar - Undergraduates didn't always go to Google Scholar because they didn't know Google Scholar existed. Graduate students were sometimes Google Scholar and sometimes Databases, Faculty mostly went to Google Scholar.
Integrate Systems - Students wanted to be able to login to the website once and to never have to login again in the catalog or through ILL, etc.
Discovery of Databases - They don't use the website to discover databases; primarily word of mouth - Graduate students will tell other students about databases.
Subject & Class Guides - Audience was different than assumed. Faculty & Graduate students are not necessarily using subject guides, Class guides were very helpful. Largest problem was interdisciplinary issues on the campus. Might need to use multiple databases with different subjects. Have a keyword search for databases.
Location and format issues were the main thing keeping students from Subject & Class Guides. Undergraduates are interested in a Wiki format for their class guides, Faculty are not so interested in this.

Need more customization ability! Faculty, Graduate & Undergraduate want ways to share knowledge.

Visual & "sexy" is good - Sell us on it!

Use of Web 2.0 tools:
Undergraduates & humanities mentioned potential uses for Wikis.
Use of RSS - glass half full or half empty - people
Personalize their library website to them. Have their library web-site; personalization of librarians - have their pictures up there - more facebook like, pictures, etc.

Email was the best method for recruiting. Facebook: didn't keep up with this as well, might be useful to use student workers for this type of recruitment.

Web 2.0 in Academic Libraries

  • How far should we go?

  • Academic standard Vs. Web 2.0?

  • How much education do we provide for users?

  • How useful is it to faculty, students, and so forth to use these features and if we educate users will they be more interested?


Recommendations
  • Help them find our stuff and then get out of the way

  • Reaffirmed tradition design rules

    • Let the user control the interface

    • Integrate our systems

    • Better personalization options

  • Determine user groups needs before using Web 2.0 tools on website



Erica Reynolds
Lessons from 4,000 years of art: design, philosophy, change, and endurance

You can be prestigious and playful at the same time.

Lesson #1: Have a back-up plan.
Give access to the old library web page as well as the new web page.

Lesson #2: Be bold. Be dynamic. Be human.
Different theme options available to teens

Lesson #3: When you paint to sell, you paint people
People are interested in themselves - we should give them people, allow them to see themselves and other people!

Read poster thumbnails for kids.

Give staff the option of posting their favourite books and themselves online - a 'profile'.

Lesson #4: Enliven your collection through reorganization and presentation.
Break apart all your content and put it back together.
Recommended Reading Lists - photos, scrollable, links to catalog.
Change the interface based on patron needs: Create pages with direct links, giving options

Lesson #5: Technology changes everything
Expectation of videos, podcasts, and such for our patrons.

Lesson #6: Experiment with small studies and prototypes
Usability studies, months and months of these usability studies.
Card sorts to determine labels.
Paper prototyping: put it on paper

78 Card sorts (4-5 phases to whittle it down)
22 paper prototype studies
21 interface usability studies
1 staff feedback survey


Lesson #7: A desire for beauty and serenity endures
We want things to be quiet and serene; our new website needed to be simple and clean and focus on the things that users look for.

Lesson #8: We like surprises. And anticipating the surprise is even more delicious.
Created a button called: 'Surprise!' - off the front page; 90% people will click on 'surprise!' for library news/statistics, fun things we want them to know.

Lesson #9: A good guide enhances the experience exponentially
Librarians are passionate and excited about the information and connecting people to the information - can we create this online?

ww.jocolibrary.org/

Lesson #11: Never stop innovating

Lesson #12: We can be both prestigious and playful
We can maintain creditibility while still having fun!

Internet Librarian: Monday: Putting Evidence Based Practice to Work

First presentation attended today, since I wasn't quite able to get up for the Keynote and first presentation - shame, cause there was one that looked really good. Completely unrelated to Internets or Libraries is the fact that when I walked for my life-saving latte I noticed an adorable British store across the street. We will be going and tea will be bought and possibly biscuits depending on what sorts they have.

Putting Evidence Based Practice to Work
Speakers: Amanda Hollister, web services librarian & Frank Cervone, assistant university librarian for information technology

Using the evidence of what the users do to help support Web Design decisions.

Frank Cervone
Problems with Website Design:
Majority of librarians are not trained in Human Computer Interaction
Gaps in understanding the significant differences between the on-line and in-person experience
Once a site is done, people are not usually interested in changing it - but evaluation should be constant

Public relations has done a lot of work on web sites. Libraries are often in the same place as public relations since we count on our patrons so much. We need Dialogic web based.

Def: Evidence Based Practice
"...an approach to information practice that promotes the collection, interpretation, and integration of valid, important, and applicable user-reported, librarian-observed, and research-derived evidence" - Andrew Booth

Data provides the primary evidence for making decisions:

  • Not anecdotal stories

  • Not "common sense"

  • Evaluation occurs early in the process



Currently, decisions are often made based on 'beliefs of what is needed', frequently, these beliefs are inherently biased. Assumptions, anecdotal evidence, and preferences - evaluation if it occurs, it happens afterwards which is too late.

Evidence-based practise comes from Medical School Libraries
Study the phenomenon
Contrast results to other studies of the same or related phenomena
Combine results to better understand the phenomenon a hand.

We're doing one usibility test and then we're looking at other people who have done the same usability test and looking at how that will effect our usability results.

Define problem, find evidence, evaluate, apply results, and evaluate change, then redefine the problem - it is an on-going process.

Defining the Problem with Five Points

  1. Setting - Where is this being used; what is the context?

  2. Population - Who are the (potential users?

  3. Intervention - What is being done to/for them?

  4. Comparison - What are the alternatives?

  5. Evaluation - What does success mean? (With concrete data)



In librarianship we have more descriptive surveys, case studies, and so forth - not the ones at a rigorous level at the top.

Northwestern: First usability test was in 2001 to focused in on 'electronic resources'. While not entirely evidence based, this whetted the appetite for more information.
Summer of 2002, did research on the library catalog: Data mining techniques of search logs!!

Restructured the web development process
Created an active web group - making certain there was representation of all areas of the library on this list. To get into this group, there is a an induction process including a required reading list of works on human computer interaction, required in-library training and required participation in design and testing in cluding a usability test moderator, etc.

Statistics show that site usability has improved.

Debates are less rancorous about how to proceed.

Easier to develop a strategy for incremental improvements over time - we are no longer locked into a tight academic schedule. Site is constanatly being improved. If we can prove that it will make things better public services are less resistant to change in the middle of the term.

Issues still exist with Jargon and 'why' they should go to the library web site at all.

How do you go about finding problems?
Anecdotal Evidence may help find problems we need to investigate. However, this is not representative of everyone that uses the website.



Amanda Hollister
The Lowly Breadcrumb - Students often are uncertain of where to go.

Focus on Tool Based Organization. Find BARF. (Books, Articles, Reserves, and Facts)

Dynamic Page Based -Crumbs - NOT based on directory structure.
XML code collects pages visited, IP and page timestamp - does not collect off site pages or browser navigation.

Pick a page to analyze: User paths to get to this page. Put data into magic box and out comes user paths that end on that selected page.

Found that 50% of the paths are three-click paths. Four clicks and up were the 'less than ideal paths'.

Optimize the Find Books page, full-text database page, by making user information available - i.e., "Did you mean to look for articles?" link on the 'Find Books' page.

XML path data, includes a much greater N number, real-time usability testing, flexible, and no observer effect.

Implement, predictive track analysis - find out where users get lost and try to redirect them to the right location.

http://www.yasuremedia.com/Breadcrumb/Breadcrumb.htm

28 October, 2007

Travel woes

I'm certain that if I ever make it to Monterey, Internet Librarian will be an excellent conference.

25 October, 2007

Random

Will be attending Internet Librarian in Monterey, CA next week and will probably post from there.

11 October, 2007

Reflection Notes

There comes a point in one's schedule that you have to sit back and do some reflecting. The past three weeks or so - possibly four actually - have been so scheduleful that I've not had time to do that. So in-between individual student conferences this afternoon, I've decided that I need to read some professional literature this afternoon and that includes a sweep down the Google Reader, which is mostly, with the exception of HPANA and Jane in Progress, library related blogs. And of course because talking about it is a natural outcome of reflection, here is this post.

As a result I have a copy of Studying students : the Undergraduate Research Project at the University of Rochester on it's way to me, and I've been looking more seriously at University of Washington's WorldCat Local project. It was introduced briefly at a regional meeting this summer, but I've since seen it discussed on more than one technologically centered library log.

I'm really a big fan of these sorts of technologies. They get me excited as a user and they get me excited as a librarian. Something I've discovered recently is that the items that get me most excited as a librarian are things that also excite me as a user and they're almost always user driven technologies. WorldCat Local, and I've browsed it and requested items through our regional consortium through it, excites me because it puts all the pieces together and organizes them in a way that's really useful to a UW user. Is the book at UW? great! Is it available through Summit? Great again! Is it not - well, here's our interlibrary loan request form, right here. It's simple, it reduces searching to one location rather than three separate ones, and the search interfaces that WorldCat Org - the base for WorldCat Local, uses are ten times more user friendly than the subscription WorldCat.

Recently I have been extremely frustrated with our 'open' public computers in the lobby. These are not open computers but rather computers that support only the internet and even then a very filtered version of the internet. I am anti-filtering software. When I have children my plan is to have a family computer that is connected to the internet in a location where children can use it with supervision - I do not personally want to mess with filtering, nor do I believe it's usually necessary in such an environment. The filters are restrictive - you never know when something on a database end will shift and suddenly the computer won't allow you to send an interlibrary loan request from a database or email an article to yourself. These are legitimate research uses and there is no over-ride switch. Our University has recently instituted printing charges which are connected to user accounts, because these public computers cannot be used in that way, printing must be paid for in cash.

This post from Library Web Chic caught my eye this afternoon particularly: "The problem is that often libraries are letting security and stability issues indirectly drive services rather than user needs."

This, with a mixture of lack of space or extra power, seems to be what is driving this filtering of the public access computers, and I believe it's time to seriously overhaul how many of these computers we maintain and how many are lab computers with all of the privileges that go along with lab computers.

I am extremely fascinated with the idea of LibX and I'm looking forward to getting our information into WorldCat.org, which will mean at least book items will show up in Google Scholar.

There's a part of me too that's tempted to use something like FaceBook or MySpace and just create a library FaceBook. Notes, writing on people's walls, these are things that show up on their page and you could use them for 'return books to the library' notes and so forth. I don't have to mess with our IT department or get permission to use a particular blogging software - it's there and students are already using it, so maybe I should use it too?

On a final note, not related to links or professional reading, yesterday I helped find information on C.S. Lewis & J.R.R. Tolkien. I've accepted that as a librarian I must be a generalist - I don't have a specialty as such. Or at least, I don't have a degree specialty. I've thought several times about getting a second Masters or a Doctorate in an English field. Yesterday I was able to actually tell this person books that they should refer to because I really knew quite a bit about the topic. This was extremely fulfilling and it reminds me that as well as being a generalist, I certainly want a specialty or two.

09 October, 2007

Internet Librarian: Monday: New Rules of Web Design

New Rules of Web Design
Jeff Wisniewski - Maintains University of Pittsburgh Website.

Look at the assumptions surrounding Web Design, and which are still true and which may not be accurate for today's web environment.

Design is an Inexact Science!
Working with web design now is fantastic because there are many questions that are answered currently through decades worth of research in usability, credibility, interface design, and HCI.

Simplicity Rules - Simple is best -Is this true?
  • Google is a single purpose website; not the best model for a site with multiple functions.

  • Rich & Interactive, Personalizable websites are available out there.

  • Rich and interactive is probably a better choice than the religion of simplicity. Nielson - "the time of simplicity is over"


Content is King - Design matters ALOT

Research suggests that novice users judge superficially, and very quickly based upon the design and they will carry with them a negative or positive halo based upon the site design and will be likely to overlook usability issues if the design pleases them. Professional design equates to credibility for many users.

Content is Created Equal
  • Some content is more equal than others

  • Design for what your users are most likely to be doing on your website.

  • Nielsen - "emphasize the highest priority tasks so that users have a clear starting point." - Look at what people are actually doing on your website and arrange them accordingly.


2/3 of all users, regardless of various site interfaces, are coming to look for electronic resources.

Number thoughts:
Rule of Seven - Number of containers of information that people can focus on.
While evidence can point towards, there is also evidence that points the other direction as well. This is a rule, not a guideline.

3 Click "Rule"
This is not a relevant rule anymore. Design for SCENT; Users will happily click so long as they feel they are on the right path.

Design for 800x600
NO: Design interfaces should be optimized for 1024x768. More users are accessing with larger monitors.
Think about other platforms - iphones, handhelds, and use CSS properly and use the CSS media types for Handheld.
Flexible as opposed to fixed design - percentage based rather than an absolute is probably useful.

Colours
Majority of users browse with 24-bit color rendering - "We are not sure hor important this is now, since most computers today have the ability to displays millions of different colors" - WC3 Schools.
The More color information you embed in an image the larger the file size - so optimize images for the web.

For Redesign Inspirations...
Standards, conventions, and user expectations are established OUTSIDE of library land... see also Jacob's Law - What are users experiencing in general?
Jacob's Law says users spend most of their time on sites other than your website!

How often do we re-design?
Re-design is a constant process.
Iterative, evolutionary change is there - sites such as Amazon, EBay, etc, do not change dramatically.
Revolutionary Change is disruptive to users and should be avoided as much as possible however sometimes a tear down is required.
A/B testing - Testing one version of the page or another, i.e. does a heading work better than another heading, is the federated search box better to the left of the page or to the center of the page. Post one and track usage and then post the other and track usage - only the one element should change.

Follow your own conventions
Name things as they make sense to users - Reference might be 'Ask-a-Librarian' both real and virtual; Establish usable connections and use terms regardless of media.

Follow Established Web Standards and Conventions
  • "Home" link

  • Clickable banner

  • Contact us Link

  • Placement of Navigation.


Greater Bandwidth
Keep in mind that users are still impatient and there are still non-traditional devices on relatively slower networks such as an Apple iPhone.

Support all browsers
  • For all basic content... YES!

  • Accessibility is critical and right thing to do.

  • For value added content, style, and interactivity? (AJAX, FLEX, video content, etc - do these need to be accessible in all browsers? - Yahoo uses Graded Browser Support: Grade A browser user supports all content, Users with an older browser might not get all of the Value Added content, although the meat of the site is backwards compatible)


If content and presentation is separated, there is no need for a text-only version of the home page.

Anything at the top of the page is usually ignored: Banner blindness.
Nielsen: "People have a tendency to never look at a slim rectangular area that's above the page's main headline"
Links placed at the top of the page are redundant - don't put anything unique or mission critical into that spot.

Pop-up Windows:
These are likely be blocked by default so don't put anything mission critical into a pop-up window. Information about databases, for instance, placed into a pop-up might not be the best place for them.

Flash is Evil
Flash introductions are evil.
Flash can be used for effective animation and interactivity - is not evil if implemented correctly!


Mouseover menus: Raise usability considerations.

Opening links in a new browser window: Tell people that you're opening a new users! Content that is not web native, such as PDF, Word, Powerpoints, etc are excellent options for this.
With tabbed browsing, this is less of an issue.

Scrolling
Users scroll if there is a clue that there is something below the scroll.
Content is staggered so there is a visual clear that more information is available.
76% of users scrolled - a good portion of them scrolled all the way to the bottom, despite the height of the screen.
http://blog.clicktale.com/2006/12/23/unfolding-thefold/

Images of people
Increase trust
People, labeled, Increases credibility the most!
If they're really good looking users tend to think they're stock models/advertising


Questions from the Audience
Would you Alert Your Staff to A/B Testing?
Yes, probably, depending on how evil you feel!

Do pop-up blockers block javascript?
It would depend upon how someone has their pop-up blockers set.

What are your favourite websites?
CSS Zen Garden
Google Labs

Links will be available at the Internet Librarian Website for the presentations/powerpoints.

08 October, 2007

Rhetorical Question of the Day

Having spent the last 30 minutes trying to figure out how to make my new inbox look remotely like my old inbox looked: How much money do you suppose an organization loses in sheer staff energy and time when they move from Groupwise to Outlook and Office 2003 to Office 2007?

Discuss.